• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a process for the production of earth-building material in a sintering process and to a reactor plant for carrying out a sintering process using a screening device as a starting material for the production of the final material.
    公开号:FI20195051A1
    申请号:FI20195051
    申请日:2019-01-28
    公开日:2020-07-29
    发明作者:Marko Ravelin；Jukka Palko
    申请人:Napapiirin Teollisuushuolto Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE
    TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to a soil material and a process for making a soil material from recycled waste. More specifically, the invention relates to the manufacture of a buildable material from a screen substrate material, and more particularly by heat treatment.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is prior art to use, for example, aggregate as a raw material for an asphalt process. In this case, however, it is often necessary to use gravel, which is taken from the ground, from a gravel extraction site, where nature and especially landscape aspects suffer. Gravel can also be produced by crushing, whereby the aggregate can be obtained from rock or other similar aggregate. In this case, crushing the stone - in itself produces dust and noise and also needs energy to operate the crushers. Generally, a certain roughness is required for a material suitable for asphalt, in which case the larger granular fractions are screened for crushing and the finer ones are removed from the suitable fraction. The process for making asphalt itself also uses tarry pitch materials - to bind aggregates at elevated temperatures into an asphalt coating that is applied to the road surface. In this case, the pitch used in the manufacture of the asphalt, in molten form or o almost as softened, binds the aggregate to the structure of the asphalt when the small> is allowed to cool on the road surface. > Treatment processes for contaminated soil € are also known, in which the soil N 25 - is heated to a sufficiently high temperature to remove volatiles E from the soils to be treated. However, at temperatures below 300 ° C - in thermodesorption, the volatiles do not significantly decompose yet. 3> In a contaminated soil treatment process, thermal treatment by thermodesorption (400-700 ° C) - to remove volatiles from the soil is usually done at a fairly low temperature, after which any gaseous compounds released may be incinerated or washed separately from other composition components, depending on the original treatment details. the composition of the pollution. Depending on the degree of purity, the treated soil can be used, as appropriate, for the production of asphalt, for example, if it would otherwise be suitable as a raw material for the asphalt process or returned to where it was originally taken for cleaning. However, it is possible that contaminated soil would still contain residues of volatile pollutants / other harmful substances, perhaps even in the process — formed from soil treatment that could leach into groundwater over decades as hula water is absorbed through permeable soil layers.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION - It is an object of the present invention to alleviate the above-mentioned problems, which are also related to - enabling the use of a previously unused screening device to be counted as waste material as a raw material for the earth-building material produced by it. When the sieve-alite material is formed by sieving to separate the different fractions to be screened, the latest verse, the sieve-alite is a fairly fine but at the same time often heterogeneous substance, the composition of which itself may vary depending on the source of the sieve-alite, i.e. from what source the sieve-alite material originally came from, how the <material present in it was crushed per se and what batches of material from different sieve-alite sources O. ee. so oe. . set oo 00. . . 2 25 is combined with the batch which ends up on a single screen and from which the screen subunit is formed by screening for use as a starting material in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
    I = in the process according to. The object of the invention is achieved by a process according to one aspect, in which a sintering plant according to claim 2 is used for heat treatment of a screening device to form earthworks material.
    The sintering plant according to the invention utilizes the method according to the invention for forming earthworks material. The method according to the invention for forming earthworks material is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of independent claim 1. - Preferred - embodiments of the invention are = also presented = in the dependent claims. According to one aspect of the invention, the method according to the present invention for forming a soil material from - screening - by sintering it comprises the steps of - - feeding the screening to a sinter drum acting as a reactor vessel, - heating / heating the screening in the reactor vessel. to sinter the material, - rotating the reactor vessel about at least one axis, - removing - sintered - earth-building material as earth-building material from the reactor vessel, - cooling the earth-building material. According to one embodiment of the invention, sintering of the screen subassembly means sintering of the sinterable material fraction of the screen subassembly. In this case, the combustible component of the screen sub-material is burned in a sinter drum, if applicable. According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating / heating is continued to the sintering temperature of the material units of the sieve device to form a buildable material as a result of the heating. > According to one embodiment of the invention, the heating / heating is based, by combustion, at least in part, on the combustion of the N2 - accompanying combustible material in the presence of air / oxygen supplied to the reactor vessel in the α - reaction vessel. In this case, a sinterable part of the screen = alite material remains for sintering. o O OF
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the heating / heating is based, at least - in part, by means of heat exchangers - on the residual heat of cooling recovered, which is directed to the beginning of the reactor vessel.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, in addition to the screening device, fuel is fed to the reactor vessel - to reach and / or maintain the sintering temperature for the fraction of the screening device from which the earth-building material is formed.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one predetermined tracer having a process-specific composition of the process used by the manufacturer is added to the reactor vessel in the process to identify the manufacturer and / or its material.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, after sintering, the earth-building material is discharged from the reactor vessel to the cooling space.
    Heat can be recovered from the cooling space by heat exchangers to heat the feed to the reaction vessel and / or screen. The earth-building material according to the invention is produced by a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
    In the reactor plant according to the invention for forming earthworks material from sintered material, the reactor plant comprises - a feeder for feeding the screened material to a sintering drum arranged as a reaction vessel, - a sintering drum = at least - a sintering material to recover and use in the reactor to heat / preheat the reactant 2, N - to burn the E material released from the sinter drum sinter drum and / or non-combustible E in the afterburner, = - in the cooling unit - afterburner - in the post-combustion heat exchanger arrangement 3 to recover the heat, for heating / preheating, N - dust extraction unit, for removing dust from afterburning flue gases,
    - to change the composition of the flue gases of the flue gas scrubber, - to remove flue gases from the reactor plant. According to an embodiment of the invention, the reactor plant has a supply line to the sintering drum for supplying additional fuel to the sintering drum according to a phased 5 combustion combustion step in sintering. According to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion air supply in the reactor plant is arranged to the sintering drum corresponding to each stage of the phased combustion. According to an embodiment of the invention, the reactor plant has a predetermined tracer - feed - to the sintering drum - sintering - in the final stage - and / or in connection with the cooling of the final material. According to an embodiment of the invention, the reactor plant has an additive supply to the dust removal unit for changing the electrical / chemical composition of the surface layer of dust / fly ash to be removed = to enhance the removal and / or to change the sintering properties of the dust. According to an embodiment of the invention, the sintering drum is arranged to rotate at a certain - rotational speed (which according to one embodiment - is adjustable via a control center) with respect to a certain axis of rotation. According to one embodiment, the axis of rotation is tilted so that the angle of inclination of the axis of rotation is adjustable, under the control center =. In this case, by adjusting the angle of inclination, the residence time of the sinterable material in the sintering drum can be influenced and thus the process itself can be adjusted to optimize the functionality O of the method to suit the particular screening composition. O
    N <According to an embodiment of the invention, the reactor plant has O. . . L. 0 25 - feedback channel of dust removed by the dust extraction unit to the sintering drum for use of dust N alongside the screen sub-material as raw material.
    Ia a - The usefulness of the method according to the invention and the material O produced by it is based on numerous things. o> In this case, the waste material can be recovered by means of recycling, - as a recycled material which can be formed in an industrial-scale plant,
    treating the screen substrate material by sintering the screen substrate material. In the process of the plant according to an embodiment of the invention, the earth material is formed by loading the screening device, for example, with a wheel loader onto a feeder, e.g. a silo, where the feeds can be divided according to suitable fractions, e.g. into one or two different compartments, the fractions can be dispensed in the process. possibly in process control by controlling the input of different fractions. In this case, the amount of material to be fed could be adjusted in the feeder, even by means of a certain kind of feedback, based on the properties or measured quantities to be observed from the final material, in order to dispense the starting materials in suitable proportions. - Control can - take place - through a control center - where process-specific information from measuring sensors is collected and used, where applicable, in the control of process actuators to adjust material properties. - The feed conveyor can be used to transfer material from the feeder to the sintering drum. The feed conveyor may have a scale per se which can be used to measure the amount of material to be fed. The screen sub-material is sintered in a sintering drum at a sintering temperature which may be - between 600-1400 ° C according to one embodiment. According to a second embodiment, the sintering temperature is 1000-1450 ° C, according to a third embodiment, the sintering temperature is 1100-1300 ° C. According to another embodiment, the sintering is performed according to a varying temperature profile according to the parts of the sintering drum at different temperatures in the process.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the whole screen sub-material as such does not sinter, but sintered from it sinterable components N (especially e.g. glass wool and / or glass) sinter and provide a condensable sinterable structure along with combustible E components (e.g. plastic, wood). - However, the aggregate contained in the sieve underlay may not sinter per se, O 30 - in which case the entire sieve underlay material itself does not sinter. In this case, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that on the basis of embodiments of the invention, when sintering the screen sub-material, a non-combustible part of the screen sub-material fed to the sinter drum does not take part in the sintering. The combustion part can be used to introduce heat into the sintering drum and heat its interior, including the sinterable fraction.
    For example, biogas or, alternatively, fuel oil can be used as a support fuel. The auxiliary fuel can be fed from several points to the sintering drum, so that its supply can be phased if necessary, and the combustion can also be controlled by adjusting the partial pressure of the phase-specific oxygen. Oxygen can be without oxygen.
    The supply of the auxiliary fuel and the supply of the air required for its combustion, as well as the phasing of their supply, can be arranged on the basis of the measurements of the measuring sensors of the control center. In this case, for example, an opacimeter can be used - in the flue gas extraction to determine the concentration of particulate material, and thereby increase or even decrease the removal of particulate matter from the process during post-combustion. The sintered material is removed from the sintering drum, for example, by an unloading conveyor, where the material can be cooled. The material could also be left to cool and / or packaged in an appropriate manner, allowing the degree of cooling to a material form suitable for the final material.
    In the sintering drum - the released - combustion gases - can be led to the jerk burner. When treating combustion gases in an afterburner at a temperature of at least 850C *, for example with a delay of two seconds, the combustible material can be burned and the correct temperature can be ensured with a suitable gas / oil burner.
    - In the process, the combustion gases are led from the afterburner to the coolers, where the temperature is lowered by approx. 180C °. According to an embodiment, the cooler can be arranged as a heat exchanger, so that the waste heat generated from the cooler can be taken for recovery in the process itself or elsewhere, for example in a screen for heating the substrate treatment plant and / or district heating network carrier. > The cooled flue gases can be led to a dust extraction unit, whereby particulate dust and / or combustion from the N upstream feed or from the E minerals in the process itself can be removed from the gases and transferred to an O 30 conveyor, for example by screw conveyor. The dust can also be returned to the sintering drum for use in the process as if N as a raw material, if necessary. The conveyor can be carried out on a conveyor belt or on conveyors, but it is also possible to use conveying in the gas flow, in which case the oxygen component pressure is most preferably arranged so low that there is no risk of dust explosion. After dedusting, the gaseous part of the flue gases is led, for example by a suitable fan or similar vacuum / fan, to a scrubber unit, where the oxides of sulfur, chlorine and nitrogen, for example, are washed from the flue gases into a water-soluble form and passed to the barrel. At the same time, nitrogen and sulfur oxides formed during incineration and / or otherwise released from the starting materials can be removed. The chimney can use continuous multi-gas measurement to monitor and control emissions, control the process under the control center, and can also use, for example, an opacimeter to monitor the contribution of particulate matter to potential emissions and countermeasures if particulate emissions appear to exceed a certain guideline value.
    Screen sub-recycled waste often contains materials that either rearrange IS - react, where appropriate, react with other materials involved in the process, or burn out, so that the input material can change so that the final material from the process is only about 20% of the input material. volume. The volume of the final material can be significantly reduced, but its weight loss can still be only in the order of 10-15%.
    - In the process - the - final material - can - be - utilized - for example in civil engineering (MARA) as a building material, in which case, for example, gravel = and / or - crushed stone - can - be - replaced - by the final material - with suitable material forms.
    = The temperatures used in the process according to an embodiment of the invention can be N 25 - up to about 1400-1500 * C, in which case the structure and in particular the heat resistance of the sintering drum and the afterburner are each required to have a structure and N materials, which must be made to withstand process E even if the sintering temperatures vary according to each batch of sieve alite fed to the process. In this case, O 30 sintering in the materials can be utilized to form the material form 2 of the final material, without, however, melting the starting ingredients intended to be more sinterable. OF
    Melting per se can be cumbersome for the process, especially if the feedstocks fed form a composition which, on cooling, crystallizes rapidly or otherwise forms a uniform solidified phase, whereby the reactor vessel can be ruined. On the one hand, sintering is intended to combine certain parts of the screen substrate material, but on the other hand to a granular shape which can be processed and, if necessary, ground, without the risk of the equipment being damaged by melted and cooled material.
    The term “quantity” in this application means any positive integer starting from one (1), e.g. one, two or three.
    The term “set” in turn refers to integers starting from Chapter Two (2). Screen-alite material means a material formed by screening and having a grain size of about 0-25 mm after the lowest screen of screening. Particularly, REF screening machines and / or FLUFF screening machines are suitable raw materials for the production of earthworks material in the embodiments of the invention. The REF screening device - may contain fractions from construction waste and / or soil, without being limited to the composition according to them. The FLUFF screen assembly may contain electronic, metal, plastic and other wastes in a crushed form, without being limited to the composition of the said, in a screen screened form according to the grain size of the screen. The REF screen alite and the FLUFF screen alite thus consist of a material which is in practice landfill waste from crushing and screening processes known per se.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which O. . . . . . . 00 25 is an exemplary view of a diagram of a reactor plant according to Embodiment N of the invention for the construction of earthworks material.
    I a. For preparation, O Fig. 2 - shows an example D of a soil material according to an embodiment of the invention = O
    Figures 3 and 4 - illustrate an example of a process for producing earthworks material according to an embodiment of the invention, and Figure 5 - illustrates an example of a control center according to an embodiment of the invention for controlling a process according to an embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a process according to an embodiment of the invention and at the same time a reactor plant for producing earth-building material from a screen-alite material. In the figure, reference numeral 1 illustrates a feeder by means of which - screen sieve material can be received and fed into the process. Reference numeral 2 illustrates - a feed conveyor by means of which a screen sub-material can be conveyed to a sintering drum 3 for processing. The feed conveyor 2 may also comprise a scale or a similar weighing arrangement for estimating the amount of screen sub-material at the feed end of a sintering drum.
    - According to an embodiment of the invention, the afterburner 4 burns the materials burning per se from the gaseous substance coming from the sintering drum. Thus, it can be ensured that during the sintering the compounds released and / or formed from the screen substrate material become harmless compounds during combustion and can be subsequently removed by means of a dust extraction unit 7 and a flue gas scrubber 8 - before the flue gases are led to the chimney 9.
    Emissions can be monitored by emission measurements. The afterburning can, where appropriate, be phased, so that by supplying combustion air the partial pressure O of the combustion air corresponds to the stoichiometry of the combustible material in order to achieve as complete N combustion as possible. The air supply of each phase can be connected to a control center, the phasing air supply control actuator 2 adjusting - supply = for example - opacimeter - measurement result - and / or I gas analyzer concentration measurement result. a = The amount of sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, oxides of nitrogen 3 and heat in the flue gas can be measured with suitable gas analyzers according to the embodiment, S 30 but also for particulate matter, for example by means of an opacimeter.
    The emission measurement data can be used in process control as input data to the control unit as statistical data and / or to change process control parameters. Reference numeral 6 illustrates a chiller unit by means of which the combustion gases from the afterburner from the flue gas duct 5 are cooled to a temperature of about 130-200 ° C. In this case, the particulate matter, in particular the mineral residues, can act as condensation nuclei - enabling - the particles - to grow - through nucleation-condensation mechanisms. The dust extraction unit 7 can be a conventional electrostatic precipitator, in which case sulfur oxides can be used in the collection of particulate matter by influencing the surface resistivity of the particles and thereby the operation of the electrostatic precipitator. Alternatively or in parallel, a hose filter and / or a cyclone can also be used, which can be particulate purifiers for flue gas cleaning according to the prior art. According to an embodiment of the invention, the dust removed from the dust removal unit 7 can be fed - for example, back to the sintering drum 3 by means of a conveyor, there as a raw material for use in the process. In this case, the material collected during the cleaning cycle of the hose filter or similar filter-based solution can be led to the sintering drum. Reference numeral 8 illustrates a flue gas scrubber according to the prior art - for flue gas scrubbing from sulfur and / or nitrogen oxides, as applicable. The flue gas scrubber may also, where applicable, be in two or more parts for flushing a certain flue gas component from the flue gases before being discharged through the chimney 9 into the atmosphere. In connection with the chimney, an emission measurement may be carried out to determine the dust and / or gas concentrations and / or the non-combustible fraction.
    N 5 25 - Reference numeral 10 has - illustrated - a condenser - by means of which - 2 the earth-building material is cooled or allowed to cool. In this case, the condenser Ir can be used as a heat exchanger and the heat released can be recovered and recycled a to a suitable place in the process, for example at the initial end io of the sintering drum 3 (on the feed conveyor side), to preheat the starting materials. The heat released & 30 - can also be used, as applicable, according to an embodiment> for preheating additional fuel.
    In a manner similar to the condenser 10, the condenser unit 6 can also be used to recover heat from flue gas cooling by means of an associated heat exchanger arrangement. Reference numeral 11 illustrates the final material of the process, before modifying it to a suitable material form. Figure 2 illustrates a soil construction material material material form 201 as a granular material according to an embodiment of the invention. The material can be packed, for example, in macro sacks and used, for example, as crushed stone, as a filler in sites suitable for the material for civil engineering. Figure 3 illustrates a reactor plant according to the process. With reference number
    1.0 illustrates the loading of the screen underlay into the feeder 1.1. According to one embodiment, the feeder can be fed by means of different sieve sub-sieves, whereby their particle / grain size can vary according to the sieve sub-sieve in the screened fraction. Reference numerals J1, J2, ... Jn illustrate various sieve sub-fractions and their - feeding means for feeding the feed through the actual feeder to the conveyor 1.2. The dosing of the fractions can be controlled via the control center, as illustrated by the arrow and dashed ring around the feed connection. According to an embodiment of the invention, the inputs J1, J2 and Jn can be arranged independently of one another. Jn illustrates an embodiment in which there could be more than two verses. In connection with the conveyor 1.2, there may be a scale by means of which the amount of feed passing through the conveyor to the sintering drum 1.3 can be weighed. According to one embodiment, the O feed can also be monitored by a camera in the image area of which the material to be fed is N as it passes the camera. In this case, the camera can measure the darkness of the feed 5 25 - for example, in addition to its visual impression, in which case, if necessary, the composition of the feed on 2 conveyors can be changed before it ends in sintering I sintering drum 1.3. a = According to an embodiment of the invention, D additional fuel can also be fed to the sintering drum 1.3 - via the additional fuel supply - illustrated by = 30 - with a dashed arrow. The box and the arrow coming from it illustrate the N temperature control in the sinter drum reactor temperature range 600-1100 * C under the control center - what is illustrated by the box * control center and a stuffed arrow coming from it.
    The letter X illustrates heat exchanger arrangements which, in the example, illustrate the preheating of the supplemental fuel supply and the possibility (dashed line) of using heating to heat the - feed - screen sub-material before and / or after the feed to the sintering drum 1.3.
    The symbol S used for drawing reasons illustrates the heat supply from the afterburner flue gas cooling unit 3.2 to the heat exchanger arrangement X when the flue gas temperature is dropped by the cooling unit 3.2 from, for example, from about 1100 ° C to about 150 ° C in the flue gas duct temperature.
    The sintering drum 1.3 is illustrated as a reactor vessel in Figure 3. The sintering drum is arranged to process the screen-alite material by sintering suitable materials therefrom into earthworks material.
    The sintering can be carried out in the temperature range 600-1100 *% - according to an embodiment of the invention, in a manner depending on the composition of the starting material, in order to achieve the actual sintering and to avoid melting of the non-combustible material.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the bearing pressure of the rotating shaft of the sintering drum 1.3 is measured via a sensor connected to the control center, whereby the energy and / or pressure used for the rotation can be used to determine the mass balance of the sintering drum 1.3 during the process, especially when running according to a batch mode.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the sintering drum is arranged to rotate, N so that the sinterable material can be mixed properly and on the other hand the movement keeps it in such a state that it cannot form a cake-like formation rendering the reactor vessel unusable.
    In the sintering drum, lifting fins Ir can be used to lift the material to be sintered - in a rotational motion (o) and thus in a mixing / motion. - The speed of the sintering drum - rotation io (0) can be used to adjust the sintering process.
    In addition, the process S 30 - can also be adjusted by adjusting the tilt angle> of the axis of rotation (6) of the sintering drum (Fig. 1).
    For example, the sintering drum is illustrated in Fig. 1 as tilted (6), whereby the material sinks to the lower end of the reactor vessel as the sintering drum rotates at a speed & from which the finished sintered material is taken to cool after the sintering reaction.
    If necessary, additional fuel can be fed to the sintering drum 1.3, from the supplemental fuel supply LP, whereby the internal temperature of the sintering drum and thus the formation of the final material can be influenced by burning it. Additional fuel can be dispensed using control center controls to change and / or keep the temperature constant in a particular portion of the sintering drum. The feed LP - can also be distributed, where applicable, between different parts of the sintering drum, making the process easier to control, especially when the starting material can be very variable in terms of its combustible material content. Thus, with the distributed feed, it is possible to select at which point the additional fuel is fed to the sintering drum. There may also be several additional fuels, selected on the basis of the IS of the combustion phasing and the feedstock preliminary data. The sintering drum must be made of a sufficiently heat-resistant material and / or have suitable insulation so that it can maintain the temperature of the reactor 1.3 in a range suitable for sintering. Suitable additional fuels are, for example, biogas and / or fuel oil.
    The tracer 13C can be fed to the sintering drum at an appropriate stage of the process, if such is to be used in an embodiment of the invention to identify the manufacturer. The screen material may in most cases also contain a combustible material. In this case - can - combustible - material = burn to produce heat o in a sinter drum. If necessary, the combustion can be started by burning additional fuel> 25, in order to increase the heat and thus to start the combustion itself, also - in embodiments where the process is designed to operate continuously 2. Correspondingly, with the addition of additional fuel, the temperature can be adjusted N by driving it up or down by means of a suitable ramp, which can be selected to suit the batch of screen sub-material fed in by means of the control center E and / or its = 30 part.
    D> Once the sintering has itself been applied to the end of the sintering drum, from which the final material is taken for N Cooling, the heat released during cooling can be recovered by heat exchangers. This is illustrated by an arrow from box 2.0, which illustrates the cooling of the final material in the cooling space.
    The symbol X illustrates a heat exchanger arrangement from which the heat obtained in the example is illustrated to be controlled in the manner illustrated by the arrows and the dashed ring for use in preheating the supplemental fuel supply.
    Heat transfer may be controlled by the control center - under what is illustrated in broken line arrow.
    Figure 3 illustrates, from the point of view of the process, the removal of material by means of an unloading conveyor from the actual production area in the sintering plant according to the process.
    With the unloading conveyor 2.1, the material can be taken, for example - for inspection for quality control and / or for packing into a suitable material size in a certain material form and / or for further processing to produce further materials, for example ingot-like building materials.
    After sintering, the process branches into two parts, the first of which relates to the handling and packaging of the material.
    The second branch is related to the IS treatment of the generated flue gases, which is illustrated in Figure 4, mainly for technical reasons.
    In Figures 3 and 4, the same reference numerals are used in the flue gas treatment branch.
    The flue gas from the sintering drum is led 301 through the flue gas duct 3.0 to the afterburning unit 3.1, by means of which the purpose is to burn off the contaminants released and / or formed during sintering.
    According to one embodiment, the temperature may be 850 ° C and the residence time is, for example, 2 seconds according to the waste incineration setting.
    If necessary, the said values may be deviated from technically, as long as the magnitude and duration of the deviation remain within the limits permitted by law, in accordance with the standards defined by law. OO N The oxygen supply is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 by the symbol Oz. According to an embodiment of the invention, the oxygen supply may take place at a certain 2 points in the sintering drum, but according to another embodiment the oxygen supply may be phased from several points according to combustion progress, e.g. to control the process temperature and / or to achieve complete combustion io. 3 S 30 - According to one embodiment of the invention, the oxygen supply may take place at a certain point in the afterburner N, but according to another embodiment the oxygen supply may be phased in according to the progress of combustion, for example to control the temperature of the afterburning process. In connection with the emission measurement, the oxygen O, concentration can also be measured from the chimney 3.5.
    The flue gas temperature is lowered in a cooling unit 3.2, which is arranged according to the heat exchanger arrangement to recover heat, for use in the supply of the heat flow S, for example in the preheating of the screen sub-material and / or in the preheating of the additional fuel supply, as applicable. the temperature can then be lowered, for example, from 1100 ° C to about 150 ° C.
    —A decrease in flue gas temperature can cause nucleation and subsequent condensation, which can trigger particle formation and growth from substances in the gas phase, allowing the resulting particulate matter to mix with pre-existing mineral dust particles and possibly unburned flue gas to form flue gas. The particulate matter can be IS removed by means of a dust extraction unit 3.3, whereby the air acting as a carrier feeds the particulate dust to the dust extraction unit.
    The dust extraction unit 3.3 may, if applicable, be implemented by means of a conventional electrostatic precipitator sized according to the reactor plant. According to an embodiment of the invention, the flue gas scrubber 3.4 following the dust extraction unit can, if necessary, be fed to partially feed the removed washing material to the dust incineration unit by means of a side flow to change the chemical / electrical properties of the dust layer removed by the dust extraction unit.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the material removed by the dust extraction unit 2 - can be fed back to the sintering drum for use as a starting material. In this case, N can be conveyed to the material feeder (and / or = feed conveyor) of, for example, an electrostatic precipitator (and / or a cyclone if an cyclone is used in addition to E or - alternatively).
    According to an embodiment of the invention, a hose and / or N 30 bag-like filter can also be used, the collected particulate material released by the back-pressure cleaning period can be used by means of a suspended flow to the feed sintering drum. In this case, the collected particulate material can also be taken and transported by a feed conveyor to the process for use as a raw material. Once the dust has been removed, the flue gases are passed on to the flue gas scrubber
    3.4, where applicable, whereby oxides of sulfur and / or nitrogen are removed from the flue gas, and other material which is removed during the washing process. The flue gas scrubber may be a conventional flue gas scrubber according to the prior art, without limiting its type per se. The bottom precipitate that may accumulate from the flue gas scrubber can be used as a feedback feed to the sintering drum, where applicable. Once the flue gases have been cleaned, they can be led to the chimney 3.5. In accordance with an embodiment, an emission measurement is arranged in connection with the chimney, in which case gaseous flue gas components, such as oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, can be monitored, for example, by means of a gas analyzer. It is also possible to monitor - particulate emissions - for example - with an opacimeter. - The measurement results of the meters may be recorded and / or used for process control as control parameters - where applicable, for example to control the sintering drum and / or afterburner temperature based on nitrogen oxides and / or to flue gas scrubber 3.4 operation, even if an illustrative arrow is not drawn between the boxes. Figure 5 illustrates a control center for controlling a process according to an embodiment of the invention for producing earthworks material from screen-alite material. = According to one embodiment of the invention, the control center has a microprocessor uP and for this purpose a memory M and a communication network C for communicating data between the process actuators T.E1, o T.F2 and / or associated sensors A1, A2 for controlling the process. > 25 - The memory may include non-volatile memory and random access memory, as applicable. > Fig. 5 refers to the groups of actuators T.E1, T.E2 and T.E3 with the process reference numbers used in Figs. 1 (T.E2, A2) and 3 (T.EI, E A1) in the process adjustments according to the N embodiment of the invention, whereby by reference Fig. 5 - illustrates the feedback between each actuator (T.E1, T.E2 and T.E3 in O 30 groups) and the sensor corresponding to the actuator group reference (A1, A2 and A3 corresponding to the N sensor groups) according to its or process status number reference 2. In this case, the feedback may be direct, but - according to one embodiment - in the feedback loop = the control center is involved in making decisions by means of the microprocessor uP (according to one embodiment used by the operator), by a process control algorithm in memory M.
    The feedback loop may be implemented, mutatis mutandis, by using communication network channel C for signaling, which in one embodiment is suitably a two-way communication channel - for transmitting electrical signals - between electromechanical actuators, actuator groups and / or control center.
    The process also measures temperature, pressure and / or gas flows (the quantities mentioned can be measured, for example, air / oxygen supplies according to their phasing, flue gas flow, etc. conditions per actuator at the actuator-specific location of the process). It is possible to measure the temperature Ts of the sintering drum, as well as the temperature Tj of the afterburner, but it is also possible to measure the temperature Tk of the flue gas and, if necessary, the temperature Tp of the IS barrel and / or the flue gas flowing in it.
    In the process, the pressure Ps of the sintering drum can also be measured, as well as the pressure Pj of the afterburner, but it is also possible to measure the pressure Pk of the flue gas and, if necessary, the pressure Pp of the flue gas. it is also possible to measure the flow rate V in said parts of the process ducts where pressure and / or temperature are measured, whereby - measurable quantities refer to flow rates Vs from / to sintering drum, Vj to / from afterburner, Vk flue gas in flue gas, flue gas in flue gas duct - flow in flue gas duct
    There may also be several measuring sensors measuring the same quantity at different points in the process, for transmitting the measurement data along the channel C to the control center. oO> 25 —Symbol ® illustrates the measurement and control of the speed of the sintering drum.
    J1, J2 and Jn illustrate in Fig. 5 (T.E3, A3) the control of the screen sub-fractions 2 by means of the process control of the control center.
    X illustrates the control of the operation of the heat exchangers N adjusts the amount of heat and / or switches on / off E by means of the control center, and S feedback to adjust / transfer heat = 30 for example to the conveyor and / or additional fuel supply under the control center 3 according to algorithm and / or user choice.
    The scope of the invention is defined in the following claims.
    However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the details of the various aspects of the invention may vary to some extent within the overall inventive concept depending on each embodiment of the invention.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A method for forming a buildable material from screening material by sintering, characterized in that the method comprises - feeding (1.1), (1.2) the screening material to a sintering drum (1.3) acting as a reactor vessel, - heating / heating the screening material in a reactor vessel to sintering temperature, 0) the reactor vessel (1.3) about at least one axis, - removing (2.1) the earth-building material from the reactor vessel.
    - cooling (2.0) the material.
    [2]
    A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating / heating is continued at the sintering temperature of the structural units of the material of the screening device in order to form a buildable material.
    [3]
    Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating / heating is based, at least in part, on the combustion of the combustible material accompanying the sieve device in the presence of oxygen in the reaction vessel.
    [4]
    Method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the heating / heating is based, at least in part, on the residual heat of cooling (2.0) recovered by the heat exchangers> (X).
    O
    [5]
    Method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, in addition to the screening device N, fuel (LP) is fed to the reactor vessel to reach and / or maintain the sintering temperature of the screening device E which forms the earth-building material.
    LO
    O S
    [6]
    Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one predetermined tracer is added to the reactor vessel (1.3) in order to identify the manufacturer and / or its material.
    [7]
    Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after sintering, the earth-building material is discharged (14) from the reactor vessel into the cooling space (2.0).
    [8]
    Earth-building material (201), characterized in that it is produced by a method according to any one of the preceding claims
    [9]
    Reactor plant for forming earth-building material from screening material by sintering, characterized in that the reactor plant has - a feed (1.1) (1.2) for feeding screening material to a sintering drum arranged as a reaction vessel, - a sintering drum (1.3) for sintering a screening material fraction - a final material cooler (2.0) in a heat exchange arrangement for heat recovery and use in the reactor to heat / preheat the reactant, - an afterburner (3.1) to burn the and used in the reactor to heat / preheat the reactant, oO - - a dust extraction unit (3.3), to remove dust from the afterburning flue gases,> - a flue gas scrubber (3.4) to change the composition of the flue gases, 00
    N Ir - Flue duct (3.5) for removing flue gases from the reactor plant. a a =
    [10]
    Reactor plant according to Claim 8, characterized in that it has a supply line D 25 for the sintering drum for supplying additional fuel to the sintering drum O). . S according to a combustion step in sintering.
    OF
    [11]
    Reactor plant according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the combustion air supply is arranged in the sinter drum corresponding to each stage of the phased combustion.
    [12]
    Reactor plant according to Claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that it has a predetermined feed to the sintering drum at the end of the sintering process and / or in connection with the cooling of the final material.
    [13]
    Reactor plant according to any one of the preceding claims 8 to 12, characterized in that it has a supply to the dust removal unit for changing the electrical / chemical composition of the dust / fly ash - surface layer - to be removed in order to enhance the removal.
    [14]
    Reactor plant according to any one of the preceding claims 8 to 13, characterized in that it has a feedback channel for the dust removed by the dust extraction unit - for the sintering drum - for the use of dust - alongside the screen sub-material as raw material.
    [15]
    Reactor plant according to any one of the preceding claims 8 to 14, characterized in that it is arranged to heat treat the screening device by sintering into earthworks material by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the screening device comprises at least one of: REF screening device, FLUFF sieve apparatus and / or a mixture of the aforementioned REF and FLUFF sieve apparatus or at least one of the fractions.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2020157380A1|2020-08-06|
    FI129334B|2021-12-15|
    EP3917692A1|2021-12-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3520819C2|1985-06-11|1994-09-29|Zueblin Ag|Process for the thermal treatment of masses contaminated with pollutants and system for carrying out such a process|
    NZ222007A|1986-10-02|1989-01-27|Neutralysis Ind Pty Ltd|Treating waste material by pelletising and vitrifying|
    PL196842B1|2002-06-21|2008-02-29|Luczaj Krzysztof|Method of manufacture of light aggregate and rotary furnace for burning and sintering light aggregate|
    FI20105165A|2010-02-19|2011-10-17|Migliore Oy|Process for treating contaminated materials at high temperature|
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    EP20749253.9A| EP3917692A1|2019-01-28|2020-01-28|Earth construction material and a process for its manufacture|
    PCT/FI2020/050041| WO2020157380A1|2019-01-28|2020-01-28|Earth construction material and a process for its manufacture|
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